Scientists are sounding the alarm about the looming threat of another pandemic. While the exact timing remains uncertain experts warn that it could be imminent.
A recent study published in the British Medical Journal projects a twelve fold increase in deaths from animal borne viruses half of which have the potential to jump to humans by 2050. Among the concerning viruses are Ebola and Marburg, SARS, Nipah and the Machupo virus.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified Ebola, Marburg, SARS and Nipah as “priority diseases” with pandemic potential. However, the Machupo virus known as “black typhus” and causing Bolivian hemorrhagic fever is now also under consideration as a potential threat.
Ebola and Marburg:
These severe and highly infectious filo viruses originate from bats and have caused significant outbreaks in Africa. Experts emphasize their potential for widespread transmission.
SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome):
SARS caused by a coronavirus is considered the most likely candidate to trigger another pandemic due to its high contagion. Originating from bats it shares similarities with the virus responsible for COVID-19 and can spread through respiratory droplets.
Nipah:
Originating from fruit bats or livestock the Nipah virus attacks the brain causing swelling and boasting a fatality rate of up to 75%. Survivors may experience long-term neurological conditions making it a potential candidate for the next global pandemic.
Machupo:
Also known as “black typhus,” Machupo was first discovered in Bolivia in 1959. Originating from rodents especially a mouse found in Bolivia it poses a unique risk.
While human-to-human transmission is believed to be rare. The virus could become pandemic if it starts spreading globally among rodents. Symptoms mirror those of Ebola including bleeding, high fever, pain and rapid death.
To delve deeper into these potential threats we spoke with health protection expert Professor Paul Hunter from the University of East Anglia.
The increasing frequency of outbreaks involving these viruses as highlighted by the study raises concerns and underscores the need for global vigilance and preparedness in the face of emerging infectious diseases.
As the world grapples with ongoing health challenges, understanding and mitigating these potential pandemics remain imperative.
