The National Institute of Health (NIH) has issued a comprehensive advisory for the prevention and control of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), typhoid fever, and heat-related illnesses such as heatstroke and sunstroke.
This advisory was prompted by the recent detection of a CCHF case in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, according to a media report. In response, the NIH released detailed guidelines on Wednesday aimed at mitigating the spread of these diseases.
The NIH’s Center for Disease Control (CDC) has stated the need for heightened preparedness and proactive measures to manage CCHF, heatstroke, sunstroke, and typhoid fever. These advisories are part of a broader effort to bolster public health defenses against these threats.
CCHF remains a significant concern, with 101 cases reported nationwide last year. The CDC highlighted that the risk of CCHF transmission escalates during Eid-ul-Adha due to increased human-animal contact.
The disease, caused by a norovirus found in animals like cows, goats, sheep, and rabbits, can spread to humans through contact with the blood of infected animals, particularly during slaughter. Additionally, CCHF can transmit from an infected person to others through various means.
To prevent the spread of CCHF, the advisory stresses the importance of implementing necessary precautions, especially during high-risk periods.
Regarding heat-related illnesses, the advisory points out that Pakistan is increasingly vulnerable to heatwaves due to global warming and severe climate change.
These conditions significantly raise the risk of heatstroke, which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The public is urged to take several precautions, including:
– Avoiding direct sunlight, especially during peak hours.
– Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
– Consuming salty foods to maintain electrolyte balance.
– Wearing hats and light-colored clothing to reduce heat absorption.
The CDC also acknowledged the ongoing threat of typhoid fever, noting that Pakistan bears one of the highest burdens of this disease. Factors contributing to this include a lack of clean water, poor sanitation practices, and low immunization coverage, making the population more susceptible to typhoid outbreaks.
The advisory calls for improved public health measures, including better sanitation, access to clean water, and increased vaccination efforts to mitigate the impact of typhoid fever.
Overall, the NIH’s advisory serves as a critical reminder of the health risks posed by CCHF, heatstroke, sunstroke, and typhoid fever, urging the public and authorities to take proactive steps to protect public health and prevent the spread of these diseases.
