Why autism is more common in boys

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that can affect how a person communicates connects with others understands social situations and builds relationships.

Autism is called a “spectrum” because its signs and severity can be very different from one person to another.  There is currently no complete cure for autism but early support and treatment can help children improve their communication learning social skills and daily life.

Why is autism more commonly diagnosed in boys?

Autism is diagnosed about three to four times more often in boys than in girls. Experts believe there may be several reasons for this difference.

One possible explanation is genetics. Girls have two X chromosomes while boys have one X and one Y chromosome.

The “female protective effect” theory suggests that the second X chromosome may provide some protection against certain genetic changes linked to autism.

Researchers have also studied the possible role of hormones during pregnancy. Some studies suggest that higher levels of testosterone may influence certain parts of brain development although more research is needed to fully understand this connection.

Autism signs may be harder to notice in girls

Autism can sometimes look different in girls. Some girls may be better at copying social behavior or adjusting their behavior to fit in with others. Because of this, their autism symptoms may be less obvious.

As a result some girls are diagnosed much later than boys while others may never receive an autism diagnosis.

When do symptoms appear?

Signs of autism often begin during early childhood. Some children show signs during their first year while others develop normally at first and begin to show changes between 18 and 24 months. Parents should pay attention to unusual changes in a child’s communication social behavior interests or development.

Early support can make a difference

There is no complete cure for autism at present but early diagnosis and proper support can help children develop important skills and become more independent.

If parents notice unusual developmental or social changes in their child they should speak with a qualified healthcare professional as early as possible.